Fuel-feed-governing device.



L. B. HALL.

FUEL FEED GOVERNING DEVICE.

APPLICATION men JUNE 27. um

1,290,183, v Patented Jan. 7 ,1919.

2 SHEETSSHEEI L L. B. HALL.

FUEL FEED GOVERNING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 21. 1917.

Patented Jan. 7, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

LOTjIS BENNE'I' HALL, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

l UEL-FEED-GOVERNING DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 7, 1919.

Application filed. June 27, 1917. Serial No, 177,237.

To all whom it may concern Be it known th t I, LOUIS BENNET HALL, asubject of the King of England, residing in London, England, have inventd certain new and useful Improvements in Fuel-Feed- Governing Devi es,of which the following is a full, clear. and exact description,reference being had to the a companying drawings, forming part of thisspecification, in which:

Figure 1 is a sectional view partially in side elevation of one form ofapparatus built in accordance with my invention, and Fig. 2 is a sideelevation partially in section of a modified form of val e mechanismbetween the pulsator and the air column.

This invention relates to an improvement in fuel-feed governing devicesfor internal combustion engines, and is designed to provide a simple.cheap and efii-ient device which automat cally governs the amount ofliquid fuel pumped to the engine under varying conditions.

The device compr ses a liquid fuel pump actuated by var able mechanismsuch as shown and described in my (o-pend ng aoplication Serial No.177,236, filed June 27.

1917. to vary the feed of the pump, and whi h mechanism is arranged tobe varied by a pulsating device which periodi ally samples the chargesfor the engine and porn odically varies the compression of a column ofair, gas or other compressible fluid in a closed chamber, and whichcolumn in turn controls the variable mechanism for the ump.

The object of my invention is to reduce to a minimum the variation ofpressure in the column whi h would be caused by the movement of thepulsator and to maintain the pressure therein at approximately thepressure of the previous stroke until the completion of the next strokeof the pulsator. or of any other predetermined portion of the pulsatormovement to prevent violent fluctuations of the variable mechanism forthe pump. I accomplish this by placing a valve or valves between thepulsator and the column of air, and which valve or valves are positivelyact ated at predetermined portions of the stroke of the pulsator toequalize the pressure in the column and the pressure in the pulsator.

The precise nature of my invention will be best understood by referen"eto the ac companying drawings which will now be des"ribed. it beingpremised. however. that various changes may be made in the details ofconstruction and the general arrangement of the various parts.withoutdepart ng from the spirit and sope of my invention asdefined in theappended claims. H

Referring to the structure shown in Fig. 1, the reference chara ters DPdesignate the fuel delivery passage to the engine and UP the fuel pump.IV is'an inlet valve to the pump chamber and 0V is an outlet valvetherefrom. opening into the fuel delivery passage. Mounted forreciprocat on in the pump casing is a ram or p ston R, which is arrangedto be recipromted by an eccentric E connected to a shaft which may beeither the engine crank shaft or a shaft driven therefrom. The drivingconnections between .the e centric E and the ram R comprise a slideblock S mounted in a u d SB, and pivotally connected to this, slide blok S and the ram R is a walking beam, which is conne ted at one end toheecc entric and the slide block bv a pin S. the other end B of thewalking beam being connected to the ram R by means of a blo"k V. Thisbl0"k V is pivoted to the end of the ram and is provided with an openingthrough which the end R" of the walking beam is ada ted to slide. The cetral portion of the walking beam extends through arr-opening in afloating block Fl, whi h is connected bv means of a pin P. wi h one endof a lever X c0nne"ted to a shaft Y. This s aft 'Y is journaled inbearings in a casing K which incloses the ram operating me"hanism, andis arranged to ro k in its bearings when the floating block is moved ashereinafter de-' scribed along the walking beam to vary the throw of theram R. The position of the floating block 'on the walking beam isarranged to be controlled by a controlling lever RR which is pivotallyconnected to the floating block by the pin P which connects 1 M. Thisshaft M may be r0 ked by any suitable controlling mechanism, or may berocked by hand through the medium of the lever connections shown in Fig.lto adjust theiposition of the sleeve PC" which constitutes a shiftablepivot for the right hand end of the controlling lever RR.

The controlling orgoverning mechanism I for the variable pump actuat ngmechanism just described, comprises a compensating cylinder CS whichcontains a column of am gas or any other compressible fluid which willhereinafter be termed the air column. Movably mounted in the lower endof this cylinder CS is a piston OP having a piston rod which extendsdownwardly therefrom and connected to this piston rod is the sleeve SL.Located within the sleeve SL and surrounding a hollow stem D is a springSP. which is arranged to be compressed by the column of air.

The piston rod in the piston CP extends downwardly in the hollow stemand has a head P on the end thereof. Connected to the lower, end oftherod CP is a wire or cable W through which the piston may be moveddownwardly by hand, if desired.

The pulsator comprisesa evlinder PC having a movable piston PP therein,and inclosed within a casing CC is a cam M which is connerted to a shaftSH. This shaft SH is arranged to be actuated by the engine to besupplied, and the cam is provided with a groove which engages a rolleron the con nectingrod of the p ston PP. p is a pipe leading either fromthe atmosphere or from the intake of the engine to the interior of thecasing CC and p is a pipe communicating with a pipe {0 and the interiorof the casing K, so that the pressures in these casings will always beequal to the atmospheric pressure, or the pressure in the intake of theengine. O are'intake portscommunicating with the interior of. the casingCC and the cylinder PC, which ports are placed so that they will only beopened by the piston PP when it is at the extreme end of its stroke.Connected to the cylinder PC and communicating therewith by meansof aport is a valve casing having a puppet valve RV mounted therein, whichis arranged to open and close communication between the cylinder PC andthe pipe Q which is incomthe valve SV after the valve R munication withthe compensating cylinder C The valve RV is maintained on its seat by aspring VS, held in position by a hollow nut VC. This valve is providedwith a. downwardly extending stem ST- which extends into the casing CC.T. is'a tappet within the casing CC which is arranged to be raised by acam VC on a shaft rotatably mounted in hearings on the casing CC. Thisshaft is arranged to-be rotated by means of gears connecting it with theshaft SH.

3 During the operation of the engine the piston PP is reciprocated, andat the lower end of each stroke the pressure in the cylinder PC isequalized with the pressure in the pipe 1), and as the piston is movedupwardly toward the other end of its stroke, the valve equalize thepressure in the cylinder PC and the pressure in the. compensatingcylinder "RV will be opened by its mechanism to In the device justdescribed, the cam M is provided with dwells to maintain the piston OPstationary for a short period of time at both ends of its stroke, at theone end to permit the equalization of the pressure within the cylinderand the pipe 72 and at the other end to equalize the pressure in thecylinderPO with the pressure in the compensating cylinder CS by openingthe valve RV which is open when the piston PP is stationary, which willavoid the fluctuation of the piston CP except when changes in conditionsoccur. If this valve were omitted the piston CP would be fluctuated inaccordance with the pulsation of the piston PP. The cam M may be onewhich is a simple circular eccentric. Even with such a cam thefluctuations of pressure transmitted to the column in Q. from PC areonly those which occur during a the fraction of the stroke of PP duringwhich the valve RV is open, and they are therefore much less than thewhole range of the fluctuation in PC. But if it is desired to use apulsatorwhich is continuouslymov in i. 6. without dwells, I prefer touse a vave structure such as shown in Fig. 2, and

10&

in which the valve RV is arranged to be moved at the end of the upstroke of the piston PP'to equalize the'pressure in the cylinder and anauxiliary chamber between the valve RV and a second valve SV which isnormally held to its seat, by a spring and to then -equalize thepressurebetween t e auxiliary chamber and the pipe Q b opening has been; closed.By means of a plurality and an auxiliary chamber betwen= the cona-:-.pensating cylinder and the .1 a'ulsa tmg cylin- ,der, I am enabled toovercome the pulsations meet the various atmospheric conditions.

By the use of an arrangement such as shown and described, the devicewill be automatically adjusted when used in connection with engines onaeroplanes to vary the feed in accordance with the varying Weight of acubic foot of air at different altitudes, under varying conditions ofpressure and temperatures thereat.

As previously stated the pipe 7) may be connected to any part of theengine supplying fuel therefor or may be open to the at mosphcre so thatthe pressure within the casings CC and K will vary in accordance Withthe conditions under which the engine is Working. In my broader claimswhen referring to the fuel supply for the engine I intend to cover asupply-which is either in direct communication with the atmosphere orthe intake to the engine.

T he advantages of my invention result from. the provision of means forperiodically opening communication between the compensating or governorcylinder and the pulsator or pressure supply device for the governor inorder to vary the pressure in the governor in accordance with the engineconditions, Without causing the mechanism controlled by tir- LEOVQIIIOI'to be fluctuated by the movemcn at the pulsator or pressure supplydevice I claim: I v

1. In a fuel feed governing device, a liquid fuel pump, variableactuating mechanism for the pump, a pressure actuating governor for saidmechanism, a pressure supply device for the governor, and means forperiodically opening communication betweenthc governor and the g ssuresupply device, substantially as dos ribed.

2, In a fuel-feed governing device, a liquid fucl pump, variableactuating mechanism for the pump, a pressure actuated govcr nor for saidmechanism, a pressure supply devi e for the governor, comn'iunicationsbetween said pressure supply device for the governor and the fuel supplyfor the engine. and means for periodically opening communication betweenthe governor and the pressure supply device, substantially asdescriberl. r

3-; In a fuel-feed governing device, aliquid fuel pump, variableactuating mechanism for the pump, a pressure actuated governor for saidmechanism, a pressure supply device for the governor, a connectionleading from said pressure supply device to the intake for the engine tobe supplied, and means for periodically opening communication betweenthe governor and the pressure supply device, substantially as des'ribed.

t. In a fuel-feed governing device, for internal combustion engines, aliquid fuel pump, variable actuating mechanism for the pump, a pressureactuated governor for said mechanism, a pulsator in communication withthe fuel supply for the engine, and a valve for periodically openingcommunication between the governor and the pulsator, substantially asdescribed.

5. In a fuel-feed governing device for internal combustion engines, aliquid fuel pump, variable actuating mechanism for the pump, acompensatingcylindervhaving a piston therein for determining theposition of the actuating me'hanism, a compressor havin a cylinder witha piston therein, there being a port between the compressor cylinder andthe compensating cylinder, a valve in said port connection, and meansfor opening and closing said valve to equalize the pressure in thecompensating cylinder and the compressor cylinder during only afractional portion of the duration of the operation of compressioneffected in each compressing stroke of the compressor piston, toequalize the pressure in the governor With that in the pulsator,substantially as described.

6. In a fuehfecd governing device for internal combustion engines, aliquid fuel pump, variable actuating me'hanism for the pump, a pressureactuated governor for said mechanism, a pulsator for supplying pressureto the governor, said pulsator being in communication With the intakefor the engine, a port communicating with the governor and thecompensator, a spring-pressed valve in said port arranged to beheld inits closed position against the action of the pulsator, and meansactuated by the pulsator for opening said valve during only a fractionalportion of the duration of the operation of compression effected ineach. compressing stroke of the compressor piston, sub stantially asdescribed.

7. In a fuel-fced governing device for internal combustion engines, aliquid fuel pump, variable actuating mechanism for said pump, a pressureactuated governor for said mechanism, a pulsator cylinder having apiston therein, means for reciprocating said piston, there being acommunication between said cylinder and the fuel supply for the engine,equalizing connections between the cylinder and the governor, therebeing a plurality of valves in said connection, an auxiliary pressurechamber between said valves, means for. opening one of said valves toequalize the pressure in the pulsatorcylinder and the auxiliary chamberduring only a fractional portion of the duration of the 0peration ofcompressionefiected in each compressing stroke of the compressor piston,means for closing said valve, means for opening the other valve afterthe first valve has been closed to equalize the pressure in theauxiliary chamber and the governor, and

means for closing the second valve after the pressure in the governorand auxiliary pressure chamber have been equalized, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I have signed m name to this s ecification.

EOUIS BENNET HALL.

